Using the experience of Germany, the course introduces basic notions of internal and external security and security policies. It also discusses the differences, and the inter-dependence, between these two dimensions, and the influence of geo-political and social situations on states’ security concepts. The course demonstrates these interdependencies in looking at the unfolding of Germany’s post war security policies,
Within a unique geo-political situation: first in two antagonistic states, each integrated into one of the cold-war blocs inside Europe, and after the fall of the Iron Curtain within one re-unified Germany,
In a grave ethical dilemma: given the legacy of criminal abuse of the concepts of security and defence, by Nazi-Germany, finding the right answers to the challenges of the present.
Accordingly, the second part of the course looks at the evolution of security doctrines in the Federal Republic and the German Democratic Republic, up to re-unification. It explains how geopolitics, society and Nazi legacy influenced the formulation of very different domestic security and defence policies, and how they permit to understand the failure of the GDR security policies. An indispensable tool for this is text-analysis of political documents, which will also be demonstrated.
The course ends with United Germany’s experience. It is one of deepened normalization as a large sovereign nation state in the re-opened European continent since 1990. Imposed foreign alliances are replaced by chosen ones or change their character. Internal cleavages and old enmities disappear, and corresponding security challenges with them. But new European and Global crisis situations, and new ideological rifts at the global level create revolutionary new challenges which the German security policies of the 21st century have to confront.
Prerequisites:
None
Learning outcomes:
By the end of the course students are able to:
Grasp of basic notions and concepts of internal and external security policy,
Identify them in political documents and apply them to German examples,
Understand and explain the differences between Federal Republic and GDR, as well as concerning important turning points of German post-war history in terms of these notions and concepts,
Understand the basic change in German security policies, in facing the challenges of the 21st century.
Method of presentation:
Seminar format with lectures and discussion
Preparatory reading by students,
Critical text-analysis and defence of point of view
Video presentations
On-site excursions
Required work and form of assessment:
The final grade consists of the following:
class participation (20%),
quizzes (20%),
midterm exam (30%)
final exam (30%)
content:
Basic notions of internal and external security and security policies
1 Introduction, and detailed presentation of the course, and of first notions of security and security policy Monopoly of violence, and Security: Core elements of modern statehood
2 Basic notions of internal and external security and security policies,
- their inter-dependence,
- their dependence on geo-political and social variables.
Basic structures of security policies in divided Germany, 1949 bis 1990
3 ‘External Security’, The integration of the FRG and the GDR into the respective military blocs in the Cold War: GDR-Soviet Union-Warsaw Pact and Federal Republic–Western Allies-NATO
4 ‘Internal Security’ in GDR and Federal Republic of Germany: Dealing with political opponents and with ordinary criminals
5 VIDEO: RAF, Stasi, Discussion
The Collapse of the Eastern Bloc, German Unity and the Consequences for German Security Policies
6 The dissolution of the blocs in Europe and the road to German Unity
7 The issues of security in the “Two-plus-Four” agreement and in the German-German reunification agreement of 1990, and the four allies’ military pull-out from Germany
8 Striking the balance of Security Policies of the GDR and the Federal Republic
Parameters of Internal and External Security Policy for the United Germany
9 - Law and International Law
The monopoly of legitimate use of force in internal and external security. The changing role of state, alliance and the community of nations (UNO), in legitimizing military force.
10 - Global Challenges
New European and Global crisis situations, and new ideological rifts at the global level constituting new challenges for German internal and external security policies
MIDTERM EXAM
11 - Domestic Policy Positions
The security doctrine of the united Germany; parliamentary party positions concerning the issues of internal and external security
12 - Institutional Parameters, Internal Level
Divided competencies for the Federal and the Länder level, the Bundestag and regional parliaments
- Institutional Parameters, External Level
13 (External security) Germany’s evolving role
- in a changing multilateral security framework:United Nations, NATO, OSCE.
- in a changing European security framework: the European Union (EU), the Council of Europe and the Western European Union
14 (Internal security) Germany and the European Union: Cooperating in home Affairs and judicial Policy
Case Studies of German Security Policy, External and Internal
15- The fight against international terrorism as an important component of internal and external security policy
16- Germany’s internal discussion of the army’s Blue Helmet Operations and “out of area” military actions (such as Yugoslavia and the debate over involvement in the war in Kosovo)
17- The Federal Government, political party positions and media on the German participation in the Afghanistan military intervention
18 .......... 2009: Videos Afghanistan
FINAL EXAM
Required readings:
Sven Bernhard GAREIS, Deutschlands AuBen- und Sicherheitspolitik, 2.Aufl., Opladen 2006.
Recommended readings:
Zu den einzelnen Kursthemen werden weitere Pflicht-Texte und Lese-Empfehlungen genannt.
Using the experience of Germany, the course introduces basic notions of internal and external security and security policies. It also discusses the differences, and the inter-dependence, between these two dimensions, and the influence of geo-political and social situations on states’ security concepts. The course demonstrates these interdependencies in looking at the unfolding of Germany’s post war security policies,
Accordingly, the second part of the course looks at the evolution of security doctrines in the Federal Republic and the German Democratic Republic, up to re-unification. It explains how geopolitics, society and Nazi legacy influenced the formulation of very different domestic security and defence policies, and how they permit to understand the failure of the GDR security policies. An indispensable tool for this is text-analysis of political documents, which will also be demonstrated.
The course ends with United Germany’s experience. It is one of deepened normalization as a large sovereign nation state in the re-opened European continent since 1990. Imposed foreign alliances are replaced by chosen ones or change their character. Internal cleavages and old enmities disappear, and corresponding security challenges with them. But new European and Global crisis situations, and new ideological rifts at the global level create revolutionary new challenges which the German security policies of the 21st century have to confront.
None
By the end of the course students are able to:
Seminar format with lectures and discussion
The final grade consists of the following:
Basic notions of internal and external security and security policies
1 Introduction, and detailed presentation of the course, and of first notions of security and security policy Monopoly of violence, and Security: Core elements of modern statehood
2 Basic notions of internal and external security and security policies,
- their inter-dependence,
- their dependence on geo-political and social variables.
Basic structures of security policies in divided Germany, 1949 bis 1990
3 ‘External Security’, The integration of the FRG and the GDR into the respective military blocs in the Cold War: GDR-Soviet Union-Warsaw Pact and Federal Republic–Western Allies-NATO
4 ‘Internal Security’ in GDR and Federal Republic of Germany: Dealing with political opponents and with ordinary criminals
5 VIDEO: RAF, Stasi, Discussion
The Collapse of the Eastern Bloc, German Unity and the Consequences for German Security Policies
6 The dissolution of the blocs in Europe and the road to German Unity
7 The issues of security in the “Two-plus-Four” agreement and in the German-German reunification agreement of 1990, and the four allies’ military pull-out from Germany
8 Striking the balance of Security Policies of the GDR and the Federal Republic
Parameters of Internal and External Security Policy for the United Germany
9 - Law and International Law
The monopoly of legitimate use of force in internal and external security. The changing role of state, alliance and the community of nations (UNO), in legitimizing military force.
10 - Global Challenges
New European and Global crisis situations, and new ideological rifts at the global level constituting new challenges for German internal and external security policies
MIDTERM EXAM
11 - Domestic Policy Positions
The security doctrine of the united Germany; parliamentary party positions concerning the issues of internal and external security
12 - Institutional Parameters, Internal Level
Divided competencies for the Federal and the Länder level, the Bundestag and regional parliaments
- Institutional Parameters, External Level
13 (External security) Germany’s evolving role
- in a changing multilateral security framework:United Nations, NATO, OSCE.
- in a changing European security framework: the European Union (EU), the Council of Europe and the Western European Union
14 (Internal security) Germany and the European Union: Cooperating in home Affairs and judicial Policy
Case Studies of German Security Policy, External and Internal
15- The fight against international terrorism as an important component of internal and external security policy
16- Germany’s internal discussion of the army’s Blue Helmet Operations and “out of area” military actions (such as Yugoslavia and the debate over involvement in the war in Kosovo)
17- The Federal Government, political party positions and media on the German participation in the Afghanistan military intervention
18 .......... 2009: Videos Afghanistan
FINAL EXAM
Sven Bernhard GAREIS, Deutschlands AuBen- und Sicherheitspolitik, 2.Aufl., Opladen 2006.
Zu den einzelnen Kursthemen werden weitere Pflicht-Texte und Lese-Empfehlungen genannt.