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The Making Of Patagonia: An Interdisciplinary Approach

Center: 
Buenos Aires
Program(s): 
Buenos Aires - Advanced Spanish Immersion [1]
Buenos Aires - Latin American Societies and Cultures [2]
Discipline(s): 
Literature
Anthropology
Course code: 
LT/AN 364
Terms offered: 
Fall
Spring
Credits: 
3
Language of instruction: 
Spanish
Instructor: 
María Sonia Cristoff INSTRUCTOR 2: Dr. Mariela Eva Rodríguez
Description: 

The aim of this course is to explore representations about Patagonia from the 16th Century to the present from an interdisciplinary approach that combines Anthropology and Literature. It is composed of two segments taught by an anthropologist and a writer, linked by a trip to the Province of Chubut. The course’s intention is that students have an immersion in the socio-historical, natural and cultural diversity of the Argentinean Patagonia, opening the possibility for them to develop a comparative perspective that involves their experiences in Buenos Aires, as well as their daily experiences in the U.S.

Prerequisites: 

None

Additional student cost: 

$700(USD) applied to field-study trip to the Patagonia

Attendance policy: 

Students are expected to attend all classes, unless they are ill.  Check for attendance policy guidelines in the IES Student Guidebook Absent students are responsible for acquiring relevant class notes and handouts from fellow students. Work assigned in a student’s absence is not to be given a later deadline without prior agreement with the instructor.

Learning outcomes: 

By the end of the course, students are able to:

  • Relate their own experience in Argentina, and particularly in Patagonia, to the materials and key concepts discussed in class.
  • Develop observations in (auto) ethnographic essays.
  • Outline some of the main concepts involved in Patagonia’s cultural construction –from the desert to the utopian territory for a new beginning, either personal or collective; from the spur for the imagination to political and social tensions- and analyze how they function in literary and journalistic narratives.
  • Discuss the way in which different literary genres –fiction, reportage, essays and travel writing- imply different techniques and approaches to Patagonia as a topic.
  • Express and appreciate the ability to read literature and essays not as entertainment but as a specific and enriching means for analyzing cultural phenomena.
  • Analyze the ambiguous inclusion of the Patagonian region to the nation and thus try to understand Argentina’s never fully accomplished project of becoming a federal country. Discuss the idea of regional identity in terms of “essences” and be able to explain the versions and tensions involved in the construction of a Patagonian –or any other- culture.
Method of presentation: 

Oriented by an anthropological perspective, the aim of the first section is  contrasting  representations about  territory  and  indigenous  people  both  from  a  colonial  and  a republican perspective (chroniclers and scientists’ reports) with self-representations by indigenous activists (expressed through interviews, writings and newspapers). This section is subdivided into three topics: (a) Forced incorporation of indigenous people to the nation, appropriation of their territories by the national state, and appropriation by the museums (museologización), (b) Discourses about the “extinction” of Tehuelche People (built by a racialist approach) will be contrasted with processes of re- organization and demands of visibilization, (c) Discourses considering Mapuche People as Chilean invaders (“araucanización”) will be contrasted with indigenous people’s rights. During this section, the students will acquire some ethnographic tools (including participant observation, auto-ethnography and a multi-sited location) through a critical reading of the sources included in the syllabus as well as through a short fieldwork in the city.

The second section will be focused on analyzing cultural constructions on the Patagonian territory as they appear in different narrative forms. Among this vast field of constructions, we will concentrate on Patagonia as (1) A territory of political and social tensions, as opposed to the widely spread notion of touristic paradise, (2) A place where recent travel writers have started looking for literary material instead of the factual and strategic information that used to be the goal of traditional travel writers to the region. In parallel, this section will explore different narrative forms -including journalistic reportage, novel, literary essay and travel writing- and depicting their specific strategies and techniques. All authors and works in this section belong to a period spanning from the second half of the twentieth century to the present, and (3) A culture where authors who are nowadays writing fiction and different kinds of essay forms rebuff the long dated and politically functional concepts of Patagonia as a “desert” and as sheer “emptiness”.

Throughout the whole course, students will visit the Museo de Ciencias Naturales (Ciudad de La Plata), the Museo Etnográfico Ambrosetti (Ciudad de Buenos Aires) and, during the trip to Chubut, the Museo de los Galeses (Gaiman) and Centro Cultural de la Memoria (Trelew), among other institutions. We will be visited by three guest lecturers: Filmmaker Martín Subirá, Journalist Leila Guerriero and Geographer Verónica Hollman. During their fieldtrip to Chubut, their program of activities will include a conference delivered by Historian-Anthropologist Fabiana Nahuelquir.

Required work and form of assessment: 

Class Participation: students will have to be prepared to make comments and questions related to the materials assigned. During the second section, students are expected to articulate answers and personal points of view on the topics outlined in the reading guides previously sent to them, regardless of the fact that they are responsible to participate in the group discussion every class. Previous to the visit of journalist Leila Guerriero planned for this second section, they are expected to prepare five or six substantial questions to interview her. Final grade will increase a third of a letter grade, go down, or remain the same depending on your very good, regular, or deficient participation.

Reports: (20%) during the first section, students will write 2 fieldwork reports (3 pages double spaced each, total 6 pages) where they reflect about their own experiences and observations (taking into account particularly the academic excursions to the museums). They will be able to relate them to the topics and concepts treated in class. During the second section, students are expected to write the questions for an interview (8 to 10 questions) that they will later make orally to journalist and writer Leila Guerriero when she comes to the class. Also, they are expected to hand in an essay (3 to 4 pages double spaced) analyzing in which ways travel pieces by foreign writers differ from reportages written by local journalists.

Mid-Term Essay: (35%) essays following the same methodology employed in the fieldwork reports written during the first section (reflections on the narrated experience related to the concepts and information analyzed in class), students should choose one of them (or both) and rewrite it. The new essay (6 to 8 pages double space) should expose the process of being immersed into the topics.

Final Exam: (35%) using as a trigger an object (never of patrimonial value) or photograph that they will have been asked to bring with them from their trip to Patagonia, students are expected to write a text (6 to 8 pages double spaced) expressing a view on the territory that is both personal and aware of the topics discussed in class. The text should be written following the rules of one of the literary genres read and analyzed during the course (with the exception of literary essay): fiction, reportage or travel writing.

Oral Presentations: (10%) there will be two presentations per student. During the first section, it will be a summary of the Mid-Term Essay. Because this oral presentation will be done in Chubut, students will be able to show how their perceptions have changed during the trip. During the second section, each student is expected to make an oral presentation related with the topic treated in the Final Exam Essay.

The Mid-Term and the Final Exam are not cumulative (35% of final grade each; 70% total). Late assignments or exams will not be accepted unless previously authorized and for valid reasons only (illness, etc.). Students in this course will be expected to comply with IES’s Policies on Academic Integrity.

Academic integrity
Students are responsible for familiarizing themselves with IES policy of academic integrity and for adhering to it. Academic dishonesty, including plagiarism, will result in course failure.

Student evaluation
Students will conduct a written evaluation at the end of the semester. They are encouraged to speak early in the semester with faculty about any difficulties they are having in the course. If the difficulties cannot be resolved to the satisfaction of both student and faculty, either is encouraged to meet with the academic director.

Grading Scale
A 93-100%
A- 90-92.9%
B+ 87-89.9%
B 83-86.9%
B- 80-82.9
C+ 77-79.9%
C 73-76.9% 
C-70-72.9%
D+67-69.9%
D 63-66.9%
D- 60-62.9%
F below 60%

content: 

Week 1
Readings for the Class and Assignments
Syllabus’ presentation. Writing in class a brief text telling why they chose to do this course and which is their view on Patagonia to the day.

TOPIC:  Auto-Ethnography

Readings for the Class and Assignments
Guber (pp.11-74), 2001.

Week 2

TOPIC: First “contact” and first hinterland exploration

Readings for the Class and Assignments
Pigaffetta (pp.33-51), 1524-5. Viedma (pp.19-28; 99-114), 1783.

TOPIC: Araucanization” discourse and cartographic appropriation

Readings for the Class and Assignments
Lois (pp.107-135), 2007.; Moreno (pp.17-46; 65-76), 1876.; Andermann (pp. 120-127), 2000.

Week 3

TOPIC: Museologization Human Remains Restitution (Repatriation)

Readings for the Class and Assignments
Grupo Guías (short book of photographs), 2008.
Interview to an indigenous activist

1st Fieldwork Report: Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, La Plata (3).

Week 4

TOPIC: Invisibilization

Readings for the Class and Assignments
Lista (pp.7-20; 23-30; 62-70; 80-89), 1894.

TOPIC: Racial and linguistic classifications

Readings for the Class and Assignments
Imbelloni (pp. 5-58), 1949.

Week 5

TOPIC: Migration to the city

Readings for the Class and Assignments
Camusu Aike (documentary). It should be seen before the class.
Guest: Filmaker Martín Subirá.

TOPIC: Re-communalization process

Readings for the Class and Assignments
Rodríguez (1-18), 2008

2nd Fieldwork Report: Museo Etnográfico, Bs. As. (3 pages).

Week 6

TOPIC: “Araucanization” in the 21st Century

Readings for the Class and Assignments
Lenton (pp.1-22), 1998. News selection.
Indigenous People’s Rights.

TOPIC: Trajectories of aboriginality

Readings for the Class and Assignments
Moyano (pp.21-59), 2008.

Week 7

Readings for the Class and Assignments
Ramos-Delrio (pp.79-95), 2005.
News on Santa Rosa-Benetton’s case.
Guest: Geographer Verónica Hollman.

Week 8

TOPIC: TRIP TO CHUBUT

Readings for the Class and Assignments

  • Museo Paleontológico Egidio Feruglio (Trelew).
  • Centro Cultural de la Memoria (Trelew).
  • Geoparque Bryn Gwyn (Valle del Río Chubut).
  • Ecocentro (Puerto Madryn)
  • Museo de los Galeses (Gaiman).
  • Guest: Historian Anthropologist Fabiana Nahuelquir.
  • Searching for an object or photograph which will function as symbolic trigger to write their final exam.
  • Oral Presentation: Review of the fieldworks essays and presentation of an advance of the Mid-Term Essay.

Week 9

Readings for the Class and Assignments
Mid-Term Essay due date (6 to 8 pages). Oral presentations on what they saw at Centro Cultural de la Memoria plus what they saw in Trelew, the documentary. Group discussion.
Introduction to La pasión según Trelew.

TOPIC: The reverse of the postcard: Patagonia as a territory of political and social tensions.  Analyzing reportage as a narrative form.

Readings for the Class and Assignments
La pasión según Trelew, reportage by Tomás Eloy Martínez.
Group discussion.

Week 10

Readings for the Class and Assignments
La pasión según Trelew.
Los suicidas del fin del mundo, reportage by Leila Guerriero.

Week 11

Readings for the Class and Assignments
Handing in the questions for an interview with Leila Guerriero, which will be analyzed in class.
Los suicidas del fin del mundo, reportage by Leila Guerriero.
Discussing the rules of reportage as a genre.
Interviewing Leila Guerriero.

Week 12

TOPIC: Literary Road: Patagonia as a “spur for the imagination”. The literary turn of the screw of contemporary travel narratives

Readings for the Class and Assignments
In Patagonia.  Travel narrative by Bruce Chatwin.

Week 13

Readings for the Class and Assignments
The Old Patagonian Express, travel narrative by Paul Theroux (chapters 1, 19, 20, 21, 22).
Analyzing the rules of travel writing as a genre.
Introducing the concept of “desert” as historically applied to Patagonia.

Handing in an essay (3-4 pages double spaced) analyzing in which ways travel pieces by foreign writers differ from reportage written by local journalists.

Week 14

TOPIC: Rebuffing the desert: Analyzing and discussing the concepts of “desert” and “emptiness” usually applied to Patagonia in the works of literary authors writing in situ

Readings for the Class and Assignments
Daier Chango, novel by Ariel Williams.
Group discussion.
Daier Chango.
Group discussion.
Analyzing the ways in which Patagonia is constructed by fiction

Week 15

Readings for the Class and Assignments
Postales bárbaras, Literary essays by Marcelo Eckhardt.
Group discussion.
Analyzing the rules of literary essay as a genre.
Student’s evaluation.
Final Essay due date (6 to 8 pages) and Oral Presentation of the Final Essay.

Required readings: 
  • Andermann, Jens. 2000. Mapas de poder. Una arqueología literaria del espacio argentino. Rosario: Beatriz Viterbo Editora (Introduction and selection; pp. 120-127).
  • Chatwin, Bruce. 1979. In Patagonia. London: Picador.
  • Eckhardt, Marcelo. 2009. Postales bárbaras. Trelew: Patagonia contemporánea. Guerriero, Leila. 2005. Los suicidas del fin del mundo. Buenos Aires: Tusquets.
  • Guber, Rosana. La etnografía. Método, campo y reflexividad. Bogotá: Norma. (Introduction, Cap. 1, Cap, 2 and Cap 3; pp. 11-74). http://www.scribd.com/doc/6906268/Guber-Rosana-La-Etnografia [3]
  • Guías. 2008. Identificación y restitución: “Colecciones” de restos humanos en el Museo de La Plata, ed. Pepe, Fernando M.,  Miguel  Añón  Suárez, Patricio Harrison. La  Plata:  Grupo Universitario en Antropología Social.
  • Imbelloni, José. 1949. Los Patagones. Características corporales y psicológicas de una población que agoniza. Runa, Archivo para las ciencias del hombre 2 (partes 1-2): 5-58. Revista del Instituto de Ciencias Antropológicas de la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Buenos Aires.
  • Lenton, D. 1998. Los araucanos en la Argentina: Un caso de interdiscursividad nacionalista. III Congreso Chileno de Antropología. Temuco, Chile, 12 de noviembre (pp. 1-22). http://www.ceppas.org/gajat/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gi... [4]
  • Lista, Ramón. 2006 [1894]. Los indios tehuelches. Una raza que desaparece. Buenos Aires: Colección del Bicentenario Editores (pp.7-20; 23-30; 62-70; 80-89).
  • Lois, Carla. 2007. La Patagonia en el mapa de la Argentina moderna. Política y “deseo territorial” en la cartografía oficial argentina en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX. En Paisajes del progreso. La resignificación de la Patagonia Norte, 1880-1916, ed. P. Navarro Floria. Neuquén: Educo.
  • Martínez, Tomás Eloy. 2009. La pasión según Trelew. Buenos Aires: Alfaguara, 2009.
  • Moreno, Francisco P. 1997 [1942]. Reminiscencias. Buenos Aires: El elefante blanco (pp.17-46; 65-76).
  • Pigafetta, Antonio. Primer Viaje en Torno al globo. 1922 [1524-25]. Madrid: Calpe (pp.33-51).
  • Ramos, Ana y Walter Delrio. 2005. “Trayectorias de oposición. Los mapuches y tehuelches frente a la hegemonía en Chubut”. En Cartografías argentinas: políticas indígenas y formaciones provinciales de alteridad, ed. Claudia Briones, 79-118. Buenos Aires: Antropofagia (pp.79-95).
  • Rodríguez, M. 2008 Camusu Aike: De la visibilización en los archivos a la re-visibilización como comunidad. III Jornadas de Historia de la Patagonia, Bariloche 5-7 noviembre. http://www.hechohistorico.com.ar/Trabajos/Jornadas%20de%20Bariloche%20-%... [5](2).pdf
  • Theroux, Paul. 1980. The Old Patagonian Express. London: Penguin.
  • Viedma, Antonio de. 1837 [1783]. Descripción de la Costa Meridional del Sur, llamada vulgarmente Patagónica; relación de sus terrenos, producciones, brutos, aves y peces; indios que la habitan, su religión, costumbres, vestido y trato; desde el puerto de Santa Elena en 44 grados, hasta el de la Virgen en 52, y boca del Estrecho de Magallanes. Refiérese cuanto en dicha costa y tierra caminó y reconoció por sí don Antonio de Viedma, en el tiempo de su destino en aquellos establecimientos, y su particular comisión en el de San Julián, con las demás noticias que pudo adquirir de los indios. En Colección de Obras y Documentos relativos a la Historia antigua y moderna de las Provincias del Río de La Plata. Ilustrados con notas y disertaciones por Pedro de Angelis, ed. De P. Angelis 1836- 1840. Tomo I- IV. Buenos Aires: Imprenta del Estado (pp.19-28; 99-114).
  • Williams, Ariel. 2010. Daier Chango. Trelew: Patagonia contemporánea.

Movie:

  • Camusu Aike. Martín Subirá. 2006.

Source URL: http://www.iesabroad.org/study-abroad/courses/buenos-aires/fall-2012/lt-an-364

Links:
[1] http://www.iesabroad.org/study-abroad/programs/buenos-aires-advanced-spanish-immersion
[2] http://www.iesabroad.org/study-abroad/programs/buenos-aires-latin-american-societies-and-cultures
[3] http://www.scribd.com/doc/6906268/Guber-Rosana-La-Etnografia
[4] http://www.ceppas.org/gajat/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=90
[5] http://www.hechohistorico.com.ar/Trabajos/Jornadas%20de%20Bariloche%20-%202008/Rodr%C3%ADguez%20